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在终端输入以下命令为我们的angular项目安装express、socket.io、socket.io-client
1  | npm install express socket.io socket.io-client | 
本人安装的各版本信息如下:
1 2 3  | "express": "^4.17.1","socket.io": "^3.0.4","socket.io-client": "^3.0.4", | 
可以在项目中新建一个server文件夹,用来存放我们的后台服务,然后新建文件
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22  | const app = require('express')();const http = require('http').createServer(app);const io = require('socket.io')(http, { cors: {  // 处理跨域问题  methods: ["GET", "POST"],  credentials: true }});io.on('connection', (socket) => { console.log('user connected'); socket.on('add-message', (message) => {  io.emit('message', {type: 'new-message', text: message}); });})http.listen(4000, () => { // 后台服务启动端口 console.log('start on 4000....');}) | 
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25  | import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';import { Observable, Subject } from 'rxjs';import { io } from 'socket.io-client';@Injectable()export class ChatService { private socket: any; sendMessage(message: any) {  this.socket.emit('add-message', message); } getMessages(): Observable<any> {  return new Observable(observer => {   this.socket = io(this.url, {withCredentials: true});   this.socket.on('message', (data) => {    observer.next(data);   });   return () => {    this.socket.disconnect();   }  }) }} | 
这里我们创建了两个方法,sendMessage用于将客户端的信息发送给服务端,getMessages用于建立连接,监听服务端事件并返回一个可观察的对象。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36  | import { Component, OnInit, OnDestroy } from '@angular/core';import { ChatService } from './chat.service';@Component({ selector: 'test-chat', template: `<div *ngFor="let message of messages">        {{message.text}}       </div>       <input [(ngModel)]="message" />       <button (click)="sendMessage()">Send</button>`, providers: [ChatService] // 注入依赖})export class TestChatComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy { messages = []; connection: any; message: any; constructor(private chatService: ChatService) { } sendMessage() {  this.chatService.sendMessage(this.message);  this.message = ''; } ngOnInit() {  this.connection = this.chatService.getMessages()   .subscribe(message => {  // 组件初始化时订阅信息    this.messages.push(message);   }); } ngOnDestroy() {  this.connection.unsubscribe();  // 组件销毁取消订阅 }} | 
这样一个简单的socket通信就完成了,效果图如下:
启动服务

前端页面


如果遇到跨域问题,大概率是没有处理跨域,检查自己的代码和端口号是否正确,详情参考handing-cors
另外,如果遇到(本人遇到了,愣是在网上找了半天依然未果)POST http://localhost:4000/socket.io/?EIO=3&transport=polling&t=NQtz_E3 400 (Bad Request)这类的报错,npm安装socket.io-client(这也是为什么我在文章一开始就安装它),在service.ts文件引入
1  | import { io } from 'socket.io-client'; | 
在网上看到很多人是这样写的 import * as io from ‘socket.io-client',这种写法在typescript中是会报错的,改成上面的写法即可。
到此这篇关于在Angular项目使用socket.io实现通信的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Angular使用socket.io实现通信内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章